通鉴抉择 · 今日一题

如果你是沮渠牧犍,你怎么做?

北魏太武帝 · 太延五年九月

太延五年八月,北魏太武帝兵临姑臧,遣使令河西王沮渠牧犍出降。牧犍听说柔然要入寇魏境,盼着魏军东还,闭城固守。侄儿沮渠祖翻城投魏,源贺又招抚了城外诸部三万余落,魏军再无后顾之忧,专攻姑臧。围到九月,已近五十天,另一个侄儿沮渠万年也带着所部出城降魏。城里人心已散,牧犍必须决定这座孤城怎么收场。

选好之后,再看史书怎么记。

Chu Ci — 路漫漫其修远兮

This line captures a spirit of tireless, solitary pursuit—“The road ahead is long and arduous; I will search high and low.” It appears in *Li Sao* (“Encountering Sorrow”), the longest and most celebrated poem in the *Chu Ci*, a collection of verse traditionally associated with the poet Qu Yuan and other writers from the southern state of Chu. Written in a lyrical, highly personal voice, *Li Sao* recounts a spiritual journey: the speaker, exiled and disillusioned, ascends to heaven and descends to the underworld, seeking truth, virtue, and worthy guidance. “I will search high and low” marks a turning point—not resignation, but resolve. It follows reflections on the difficulty of the path and precedes visions of divine chariots, mythical beasts, and celestial gates. The phrase does not promise success, only commitment: to keep moving, questioning, testing ideals against reality. In the *Chu Ci*, such intensity stands apart from the more ritualized or didactic tone of earlier texts like the *Shi Jing*. Here, moral conviction takes the form of restless motion—upward toward gods, downward into darkness, always forward despite uncertainty. The language is vivid and embodied: “high and low” evokes physical ascent and descent, not abstract thought. Readers encounter not a doctrine, but a stance—one that has resonated across centuries precisely because it names a human posture before the unknown: persistent, unguarded, and deeply earnest.

SourcesOriginal passages and citations
  • 楚辞

    吾将上下而求索。

  • 楚辞

    吾将上下而求索。饮余马于咸池兮,总余辔乎扶桑。折若木以拂日兮,聊逍遥 [ 8 ] 以相羊。前望舒使先驱兮,后飞廉使奔属。鸾皇为余先戒兮,

  • 楚辞

    将自然。壹气孔神兮,于中夜存。虚以待之兮,无为之先。庶类以成兮,此德之门。闻至贵而遂徂兮,忽乎吾将行。仍羽人于丹丘兮,留不死之旧乡。